How to Fix: Authentication token manipulation error when expiring password (passwd --expire)

The 'Authentication token manipulation error' when expiring a password using `passwd --expire username` on Arch Linux can be frustrating for users. This issue affects users who have recently changed their passwords or are trying to log in for the first time after having an expired password.

This problem is particularly annoying because it prevents users from logging into their accounts, making it difficult for them to access important data and services.

💡 Why You Are Getting This Error

• The primary cause of this error lies in the way Arch Linux handles expired passwords. When a user's password is set to expire using `passwd --expire username`, the system generates an authentication token that is tied to the expired password. However, when the user attempts to log in with their new password, the system fails to recognize the new token because it is still tied to the old expired password.
• An alternative explanation for this issue could be related to the system's configuration or settings. In some cases, the `passwd` command may not properly update the system's authentication tokens, leading to errors when trying to log in with an expired password.

✅ Best Solutions to Fix It

✨ Wrapping Up

To resolve the 'Authentication token manipulation error' when expiring a password on Arch Linux, you can try either resetting the authentication token using the `passwd -x` command or removing and re-adding the user account using the `userdel --delete` command. Both methods should allow the user to change their password successfully.